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Methanol

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Methanol

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The chemical compound methanol, also known as wood alcohol or methyl alcohol (or rarely combustion alcohol), is the simplest alcohol. At room temperature it appears as a light (low density), colorless, flammable and toxic liquid that is used as an antifreeze, solvent and fuel. It was used in the embalming process, but the ancient Egyptians used a mixture of substances, including methanol, which they obtained by pyrolysis of wood. Methanol, like all alcohol, has various uses. It is an industrial solvent and is used as a raw material in the manufacture of formaldehyde. Methanol is also used as vehicle antifreeze, camping stove fuel, ink solvent, dyes, resins, adhesives, biofuels, and aspartame. Methanol can also be added to ethanol to make it unfit for human consumption (methanol is highly toxic) and for vehicle models with internal combustion engines.

The chemical compound methanol, also known as wood alcohol or methyl alcohol (or rarely combustion alcohol), is the simplest alcohol. At room temperature it appears as a light (low density), colorless, flammable and toxic liquid that is used as an antifreeze, solvent and fuel. It was used in the embalming process, but the ancient Egyptians used a mixture of substances, including methanol, which they obtained by pyrolysis of wood. Methanol, like all alcohol, has various uses. It is an industrial solvent and is used as a raw material in the manufacture of formaldehyde. Methanol is also used as vehicle antifreeze, camping stove fuel, ink solvent, dyes, resins, adhesives, biofuels, and aspartame. Methanol can also be added to ethanol to make it unfit for human consumption (methanol is highly toxic) and for vehicle models with internal combustion engines.


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Physical-Chemical

Methanol is the only alcohol that has three hydrogens at the base of its hydroxyl (unit alcohol or carbinol). It is the alcohol with the lowest carbon oxidation index (Nox = -2). With strong oxidants, methanol can be oxidized to carbon dioxide. With milder oxidants such as Swern's reagent, Pfitzner-Moffatt's reagent, or Collins' reagent, formaldehyde is produced. When methanol is treated with hydrogen chloride, methyl chloride is formed:

CH3OH + HCl → CH3Cl + H2O

On an industrial scale, oxidation is carried out with oxygen from the air and a copper catalyst. The only possible product of the dehydration of methanol is dimethyl ether 2 CH3OH → (CH3) 2O + H2O4

When a carboxylic acid is not functionalized in its structure (for example, without aliphatic unsaturations, without halogens, alcohols or carbonyls), and methanol and sulfuric acid are used, the methyl ester is formed.


USES

Methanol has several uses. It is an industrial solvent and is used as raw material in the manufacture of formaldehyde. Methanol is also used as an antifreeze in vehicles, fuel for camping gas cylinders, solvent for inks, dyes, resins and adhesives. Methanol can also be added to ethanol to make it unsuitable for consumption.



Conservation Mode


Handling: Avoid contact with eyes and skin. Avoid breathing vapours. Use sampling tools made of explosion-proof material. Ground lines, containers, and other equipment used during product transfers in order to avoid the formation of static charges and the subsequent spark hazard.

Storage: Storage in tanks should be done in installations that comply with the regulations on flammable and dangerous materials. If stored in containers such as drums, these must be well closed in a cool and dry place, and in a well-ventilated area away from sources strong heat sources and sources of ignition. Electrical equipment and installations must comply with explosion-proof standards.

Conditions of Transport

Transport in vehicles with bodywork or a tent that protects the product from the rain. The vehicle must be clean and free of moisture. Avoid placing combustible or flammable objects on the bags. Avoid bags coming into contact with sharp objects.

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